Established readers: enjoy a range of fiction and non-fiction like to try new authors and different types of books take enough time to understand what is being read have opinions about what makes a good read can obtain and use information from a range of sources persevere with something that is difficult to understand can summarise key points and give reasoned arguments about issues begin to read different types of text, for different purposes
			Young people do not simply ‘read’ or ‘not read’. Each person develops as a reader, building up sets of skills that enable them to operate as an established reader. Children can be encouraged to gain the next sets of skills - many of which (once the foundations of reading are in place) come from an enjoyment of wide ranging reading. Reading in one’s own time is as important as reading in formal learning settings. Reading for information can be as rewarding as reading for pleasure. Additionally in Birmingham there are the benefits of a whole set of bookshops, community libraries and reference libraries - and an increasing number of people are getting the pleasure and benefits from writing their own books and articles.